|
# In Language, the process of matching the sounds of human speech to written symbols using a set of standard rules, so that these sounds can be reproduced later. Usually these rules are organized on a phonetic? basis and are specifically constructed in order to be maximally simple. Standard transcription schemes include the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), and its ASCII equivalent, SAMPA. One can see numerous examples of transcription on the Common phrases in different languages page (in this particular case, using the standard English spelling rules). # In genetics, the process of copying DNA to mRNA by an enzyme called [RNA polymerase]?. Transcription is the first step of protein biosynthesis. |
|
In language, transcription is the process of matching the sounds of human speech to written symbols using a set of standard rules, so that these sounds can be reproduced later. Usually these rules are organized on a phonetic? basis and are specifically constructed in order to be maximally simple. Standard transcription schemes include the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), and its ASCII equivalent, SAMPA. One can see numerous examples of transcription on the Common phrases in different languages page (in this particular case, using the standard English spelling rules). In genetics, transcription is the process of copying DNA to mRNA by an enzyme called [RNA polymerase]? (RNAP). Transcription is the first step of protein biosynthesis. |
|
The RNA polymerase (or RNAP) holoenzyme? consists of a core, made of four subunits (ααββ'), and the σ-factor?. The followings steps occur upon initiation: # The RNAP recognizes the pomoter region of the gene and binds to the DNA at that specific location. At this stage, the DNA is still double-stranded and called closed complex. |
|
The RNA polymerase holoenzyme? consists of a core, made of four subunits (ααββ'), and the σ-factor?. The followings steps occur upon initiation: # The RNAP recognizes the promoter region of the gene and binds to the DNA at that specific location. At this stage, the DNA is still double-stranded and called closed complex. |
|
* A [ρ factor]? (a protein) binds and runs along the mRNA towards the RNAP. When ρ-factor reaches the RNAP, is causes RNAP to dissociate from the DNA, terminating transcription. * The RNAP comes along a region with repetitious base pairs (for example, TTTTTT). This will terminate transcription. |
|
* A [ρ factor]? (a protein) binds and runs along the mRNA towards the RNAP. When ρ-factor reaches the RNAP, it causes RNAP to dissociate from the DNA, terminating transcription. * The RNAP comes across a region with repetitious base pairs (for example, TTTTTT). This will terminate transcription. |
|
The core promoter of eukaryoric genes stretches from position -45 to 0. Additionally, there can be an upstream control element present at the -180 to -107 region, which can amplify the RNAP binding by a factor of up to 100. This UCE usually contains a [TATA box]?, a highly conserved DNA sequence that reads |
|
The core promoter of eukaryotic genes stretches from position -45 to 0. Additionally, there can be an upstream control element present at the -180 to -107 region, which can amplify the RNAP binding by a factor of up to 100. This UCE usually contains a [TATA box]?, a highly conserved DNA sequence that reads |
![[Home]](wikipedia.png)