Language families and languages

Languages are grouped into families.

• Indo-European languages
  • Indo-Iranian languages
    • [Indo-Aryan languages]?
      • Sanskrit
      • Hindi
      • Marathi
      • Bengali
      • Oriya?
      • Pali?
      • Punjabi?
      • Urdu
    • [Iranian languages]?
      • Kurdish?
      • Ossetic?
      • Persian
      • Tajik?
      • Mitanni? (extinct?)
  • Italic
    • [Osco-umbran language]?
    • Romance languages
      • Latin
      • Catalan
      • French
      • Galego
      • Italian
      • Judaeo-Spanish (Ladino)
      • Occitan
      • Portuguese
      • Romanian
      • Romansh
      • Sardinian
      • Spanish
  • Germanic languages
    • West Germanic languages
      • Afrikaans
      • English
      • Frisian
      • German
      • Low German
      • Netherlandic (Dutch)
      • Luxembourgish
      • Yiddish
    • East Germanic languages
      • Gothic (extinct)
      • [Burgundian language|Burgundian] (extinct)
    • North Germanic (Scandinavian) languages
      • Old Norse (extinct)
      • Danish
      • Norwegian
      • Swedish
      • Icelandic
      • Faroese
  • Celtic languages
    • Goidelic
      • Irish Gaelic
      • Scots Gaelic
      • Manx
    • Brythonic languages
      • Breton language
      • Cornish
      • Welsh
    • Continental (extinct)
  • Baltic languages
    • [West Baltic languages]?
      • Old Prussian (partially retained in [Ostpreussisch])
      • Jatwingian-Sudauer ([idem])
      • Curonian-Kurlandisch? (extinct?) [1]
      • Lithuo-Prussian? [idem]
    • [East Baltic languages]?
      • Lithuanian? [2]
      • Samogitian? [3]
      • Latvian? [4]
      • Livonian? (extinct?) [5]

• Slavic languages
  • [West Slavic languages]?
    • Czech
    • Polish
    • Pomeranian
    • Sorbian
  • [South Slavic languages]?
    • Bulgarian
    • Macedonian
    • Serbo-Croatian (Serbian and Croatian)
    • Slovene
  • East Slavic languages
    • Russian
    • Ukrainian?
• [Illyrian languages]?
  • Albanian?
• [Anatolian languages]? (extinct)
• Tocharian languages (extinct)
• Not further classified
  • Greek
  • Armenian
• Ural-Altaic languages
  • Uralic languages
    • Finno-Ugric
      • [Finnish-Permian languages]?
        • Finnish (Suomi)
        • Estonian
          • Eesti-Dorpat? [6]
          • Eesti-reval-Tallin? [7]
          • Eesti? [8]
        • Saami
      • [Ugric languages]?
        • Hungarian (Magyar)
      • Samoyedic?)
  • Altaic languages
    • Turkic languages
      • Turkish
      • [Tatar language]?
      • [Turkoman language]?
      • [Khirghiz language]?
    • [Mongolic languages]?
      • [Kalmuk language]?
      • [Buryat language]?
    • [Tunguzic languages]?
      • [[Manchurian language]
• [Caucasian languages]?
  • [Abkhazo-Adyghian languages]?
  • [Nakho-Dagestanian languages]?
• Sino-Tibetan languages
  • Chinese (Mandarin, Hanyu)
  • [Tibeto-Burman languages]?
• Afro-Asiatic languages
  • [Berber language]?
  • Chadic languages
  • [Egyptian languages]?
    • Coptic?
    • ...
    • ...
  • Semitic languages
    • Arabic
    • Aramaic
    • Hebrew
    • Maltese
  • Cushitic languages
  • [Omotic languages]?
• Niger-Congo languages
  • Akan?
  • Fulfulde?
  • Bambara
  • Sango? spoken in the Central African Republic
  • Wolof?
  • Yoruba?
  • Igbo?
  • Ewe
  • Bantu languages
    • Ndebele? (isiNdebele)
    • Nothern Sotho (Sesotho ya Lebowa, Sepedi)
    • Shona?
    • Sotho? (Sesotho)
    • kiSwahili
    • Swazi? (Siswati)
    • Tsonga? (Shangaan)
    • Tswana (Setswana)
    • Venda? (Tshivenda)
    • Xhosa? (isiXhosa)
    • Zulu? (isiZulu)
• Austroasiatic languages
  • Cambodian? (Khmer)
  • Vietnamese
• Dravidian languages
  • Tamil
  • Brahui
  • Tamil
  • Telugu?
  • Kannada?
  • Malayalam?

• Tai languages
• [Unique languages]?
  • Basque
  • Etruscan
  • Ainu?
  • Sumerian? (extinct?)
  • Rhaetian? (extinct?)
• Classification uncertain
  • Japanese
  • Korean
  • Tagalog? (official Philippine Language)
• Proper classification not known by contributor who added them:
  • Greenlandic
• Sign languages
  • American Sign Language (ASL)
  • Chinese Sign Language (CSL)
  • [Hong Kong Sign Language]? (HKSL)
  • [Indian Sign Language]? (INS)
  • [Japanese Sign Language]? (JSL)
  • [Korean Sign Language]? (KVK)
  • [Malaysian Sign Language]? (BMT)
  • [Nepalese Sign Language]? (NSP)
  • [Philippine Sign Language]? (PSP)
  • [Sri Lankan Sign Language]? (SQS)
  • [Taiwanese Sign Language]? (TSS)
  • [Thai Sign Language]? (TSQ)
  • [British Sign Language]? (BSL)
  • [Italian Sign Language]? (LIS)
• Artificial languages
  • Esperanto
  • Bliss
  • Ido
  • Lojban
  • Loglan
  • Interlingua
  • Volapük?
• Languages of fictional worlds and peoples:
  • Newspeak
  • Sindarin
  • Quenya?
  • Láadan?
  • Klingon
• Language games
  • Pig Latin
  • Gibberish
  • Ubbi dubbi
  • Verlan

/Talk?