Cyclic adenosine? monophosphate (cAMP) is derivate of adenosine triphosphate. |
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP, or 3'-5'-cyclic [adenosine monophosphate]?) is derived from adenosine triphosphate (ATP). |
Creatation from adenosine triphosphate is catalyzed? by [adenylic cyclase]?. Decomposition into [adenosite monophosphate]? is catalyzed by phosphodiestrase?. |
cAMP is a second messenger molecule, used for intracellular signal transduction. It is made from ATP by adenylate cyclase. Its main purpose is the activation of protein kinases; it is also used to regulate the passage of Ca2+ through ion channels, a mechanism used in smelling by mammals. |
cAMP controls many biological processes, one of more important of them is glycogen? decomposition into glucose. One of others is lipolysis?. |
http://meta.wikipedia.com/upload/cAMP.png (Image is in the public domain) |
In Bacteria, cAMP is hormone of hunger?. It is crearted if level of glucose in cell is low and it activates production of enzymes that might possibly supply glucose. |
cAMP synthesis and decompositionAdenylate cyclase is located at the cell's membranes. It is activated by the hormones glucagon? and adrenaline. These hormones can't go through the cell membrane, so all their activity is mediated by cAMP. Liver's adenylate cyclase reacts more strongly to glucagon?, and muscle's [adenylic cyclase]? reacts more strongly to adrenaline. |
Mechanism of glycogen decomposition control |
cAMP's decomposition into [adenosine monophosphate]? is catalyzed by the phosphodiesterase? enzyme. This enzyme is inhibited by caffeine, the stimulatory efffect of this drug being the result of the raised cAMP levels that it causes. |
[Adenylic cyclase]? is located at cell's membranes. It is activated by hormones glucagon? and adrenaline. These hormones can't go through cell membrane, so all they activity is mediated by cAMP. |
Protein kinase activationIn the absence of cAMP, a protein kinase is inactive and exists as a tetramer, consisting of two catalytic and two regulatory units (C2R2), with the regulatory units blocking the [catalytic center]?s of the catalytic units. When a G protein activates the adenylate cyclase, cAMP is produced. It binds to specific locations on the regulatory units of the protein kinase, causing them to dissociate from the tetramer, thus activating the catalytic units so they can perform their function. |
Liver's [adenylic cyclase]? reacts more strongly to glucagon?, and muscle's [adenylic cyclase]? reacts more strongly to adrenaline. |
Glycogen decomposition regulationcAMP controls many biological processes, including glycogen? decomposition into glucose, and lipolysis?. |
Role of cAMP in bacteriaIn bacteria, cAMP is a hormone of hunger?. It is created if the level of glucose in the cell is low and it activates the production of enzymes that might possibly supply glucose. |
cAMP is a second messenger molecule, used for intracellular signal transduction. It is made from ATP by adenylate cyclase. Its main purpose is the activation of protein kinases; it is also used to regulate the passage of Ca2+ through ion channels, a mechanism used in smelling by mammals.
(Image is in the public domain)
cAMP's decomposition into [adenosine monophosphate]? is catalyzed by the phosphodiesterase? enzyme. This enzyme is inhibited by caffeine, the stimulatory efffect of this drug being the result of the raised cAMP levels that it causes.