The
Roman Inquisition began in
1542 when [Pope Paul III]
? established the Holy Office as the final court of appeal in trials of heresy and served as an important part of the Counter-Reformation
?. In reaction to the excesses of the
Spanish Inquisition, it was tightly controlled by strict procedural rules under the administration of [Francisco Peņa]
?.
Among the subjects of this Inquisition were [Francesco Patrizi]?, Giordano Bruno, [Tommaso Campanella]?, and Galileo Galilei. Of these, only Bruno was executed; Galileo died under house arrest and Campanella spent many years in prison.
See also Inquisition, the Medieval Inquisition, and the Spanish Inquisition.