Nobel Prize/Peace

The winner of the Nobel Peace Prize is chosen by the Norwegian government; the other prize-winners are selected by Swedish academic institutions.

Here are the winners of the Nobel Peace Prize up to now: (See also Nobel Prize)

1901

[Jean Henri Dunant]? (CH), founder of the Red Cross and initiator of the [Geneva Convention]?.

[Frédéric Passy]? (F), founder and president of the [Societe Francaise pour l'arbitrage entre nations]?.

1902

[Élie Ducommun]? (CH) and [Charles Albert Gobat]?, honorary secretaries of the [Permanent International Peace Bureau]? in Berne.

1903

Sir [William Randal Cremer]? (UK), secretary of the [International Arbitration League]?.

1904

[Institut De Droit International]? (Gent, BE).

1905

[Baroness Bertha Sophie Felicita Von Suttner]?, née [Countess Kinsky von Chinic und Tettau]? (A), writer, honorary president of the [Permanent International Peace Bureau]?.

1906

Theodore Roosevelt (USA), president of the United States, for drawing up the peace treaty in the [Russo-Japanese War]?.

1907

[Ernesto Teodoro Moneta]? (I), president of the [Lombard League of Peace]?.

[Louis Renault]? (F), professor of International Law.

1908

[Klas Pontus Arnoldson]? (S), founder of the [Swedish Peace and Arbitration League]?.

[Fredrik Bajer]? (DK), honorary president of the [Permanent International Peace Bureau]?.

1909

[Auguste Marie Francois Beernaert]? (BE), member of the [Cour Internationale d'Arbitrage]?.

[Paul Henribenjamin Balluet D'estournelles De Constant, Baron De Constant De Rebecque]? (F), founder and president of the French parliamentary group for international arbitration. Founder of the [Comité de défense des intérêts nationaux et de conciliation internationale]?

1910

Bureau International Permanent De La Paix ([Permanent International Peace Bureau]?), Berne.

1911

[Tobias Michael Carel Asser]? (NL), initiator of the [International Conferences of Private Law]? in The Hague.

[Alfred Hermann Fried]? (A), founder of [Die Waffen Nieder]?.

1912

[[Elihu Root] (USA), for initiating various arbitration agreements.

1913

[Henri La Fontaine]? (BE), president of the [Permanent International Peace Bureau]?.

1914-1916

Not awarded.

1917

International Red Cross, Geneva.

1918

Not awarded.

1919

[Thomas Woodrow Wilson]? (USA) for founding the League of Nations.

1920

[Léon Victor Auguste Bourgeois]?, president of the Council of the League of Nations.

1921

[Karl Hjalmar Branting]? (S), prime minister, Swedish delegate to the Council of the League of Nations.

[Christian Lous Lange]? (N), secretary-general of the [Inter-Parliamentary Union]?

1922

[Fridtjof Nansen]? (N), Norwegian delegate to the League of Nations, originator of the [Nansen passports]? for refugees.

1923-1924

Not awarded.

1925

Sir [Austen Chamberlain]? (UK) for the [Locarno Treaty]?.

[Charles Gates Dawes]? (USA), chairman of the [Allied Reparation Commission]? and originator of the [Dawes Plan]?.

1926

[Artistide Briand]? (F) for the [Locarno Treaty]? and the [Briand-Kellogg Pact]?.

[Gustav Stresemann]? (D) for the [Locarno Treaty]?.

1927

[Ferdinand Buisson]? (F), founder and president of the [League for Human Rights]?.

[Ludwig Quidde]? (D), delegate to numerous peace conferences.

1928

Not awarded.

1929

[Frank Billings Kellogg]? (USA) for the [Briand-Kellogg Pact]?.

1930

Archbishop [Lars Olof Nathan (Jonathan) Söderblom]? (S), leader of the ecumenical movement.

1931

[Jane Addams]? (USA), international president of the [Women's International League for Peace and Freedom]?

[Nicholas Murray Butler]? (USA) for promoting the [Briand-Kellogg Pact]?.

1932

Not awarded.

1933

[Sir Norman Angell (Ralph Lane)]? (UK), writer, member of the Executive Committee of the League of Nations and the [National Peace Council]?.

1934

[Arthur Henderson]? (UK), chairman of the League of Nations [Disarmament Conference]?

1935

[Carl Von Ossietzky]? (D), pacifist journalist.

1936

[Carlos Saavedra Lamas]? (Arg), president of the League of Nations and mediator in a conflict between Paraguay and Bolivia.

1937

[Viscount Cecil of Chelwood (Lord Edgar Algernon Robert Gascoyne Cecil)]?, founder and president of the [International Peace Campaign]?.

1938

[Nansen International Office For Refugees]?, Geneva.

1939-1943

Not awarded.

1944

International Committee of the Red Cross (awarded retroactively in 1945).

1945

[Cordell Hull]? (USA) for co-initiating the United Nations.

1946

[Emily Greene Balch]? (USA), honorary international president of the [Women's International League for Peace and Freedom]?

[John Raleigh Mott]? (USA), chairman of the [International Missionary Council]? and president of the [World Alliance of Young Men's Christian Associations]?

1947

The Friends Service Council (UK) and The American Friends Service Committee (USA), on behalf of the Religious Society of Friends, better known as the Quakers.

1948

Not awarded.

1949

[Lord John Boyd Orr of Brechin]? (UK), director [General Food and Agricultural Organization]?, president [National Peace Council]?, president [World Union of Peace Organizations]?.

1950

[Ralph Bunche]? for mediating in Palestine (1948).

1951

[Léon Jouhaux]? (F), president of the [International Committee of the European Council]?, vice president of the [International Confederation of Free Trade Unions]?, vice president of the [World Federation of Trade Unions]?, member of the [ILO Council]?, delegate to the UN.

1952

Albert Schweitzer (F) for founding the [Lambarene Hospital]? in Gabon.

1953

[George Catlett Marshall]? (USA) for the Marshall Plan.

1954

The Office of the United Nations [High Commissioner For Refugees]?.

1955-1956

Not awarded.

1957

Lester Bowles Pearson (CAN), president of the 7th session of the United Nations General Assembly.

1958

George Henri Pire (B), leader of [l'Europe du Coeur au Service du Monde]?, a relief organization for refugees.

1959

[Philip J. Noel-Baker]? (UK), for his lifelong ardent work for international peace and co-operation.

1960

[Albert John Lutuli]? (RSA), president of the ANC? (African National Congress).

1961

[Dag Hjalmar Agne Carl Hammarskjöld]? (S), secretary-general of the UN (awarded posthumously).

1962

[Linus Carl Pauling]? (USA) for his campaign against nuclear weapons test.

1963

International Committee of the Red Cross, Geneva.

League of Red Cross Societies, Geneva.

1964

Martin Luther King Jr, campaigner for civil rights.

1965

United Nation's Children's Fund (UNICEF)

1966-1967

Not Awarded.

1968

[René Cassin]? (F), president of the [European Court for Human Rights]?.

1969

International Labour Organization (I.L.O.), Geneva.

1970

[Norman Borlaug]? (USA), for research at the [International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center]?.

1971

[Willy Brandt]? (D), for [West Germany]?'s Ostpolitik, embodying a new attitude towards Eastern Europe and [East Germany]?.

1972

Not awarded.

1973

Henry A. Kissinger (USA) and [LeDuc Tho]? (Vietnam, declined) for the Vietnam peace accord.

1974

[Séan Mac Bride]? (IRL), president of the [International Peace Bureau]? and the Commission of Namibia of the United Nations.

[Eisaku Sato]? (J), prime minister.

1975

[Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov]? (USSR) for his campaigning for human rights.

1976

[Betty Williams]? and [Mairead Corrigan]?, founders of the [Northern Ireland Peace Movement]? (later renamed [Community of Peace People]?).

1977

[Amnesty International]?, London.

1978

[Mohamed Anwar Al-Sadat]? (Egypt) and Menachem Begin (Israel) for negotiating peace between Egypt and Israel.

1979

[Mother Theresa]? (India)

1980

[Adolfo perez Esquivel]? (Argentina), human rights leader.

1981

The Office of the United Nations [High Commissioner For Refugees]?.

1982

[Alva Myrdal]? (S) and [Alfonso García Robles]? (Mexico), delegates to the United Nations General Assembly on Disarmament.

1983

Lech Walesa (Poland), founder of Solidarnosc and campaigner for human rights.

1984

Bishop Desmond Mpilo Tutu (South Africa) for his work against apartheid.

1985

[International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War]?, Boston.

1986

[Elie Wiesel]? (USA).

1987

[Oscar Arias Sanchez]? (Costa Rica) for initiating peace negotations in Central America.

1988

The United Nations [Peace-Keeping Forces]?, New York.

1989

Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama.

1990

[Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev]? (USSR) for helping to end the Cold War.

1991

Aung San Suu Kyi (Burma), opposition leader and human rights advocate.

1992

Rigoberta Menchu Tum (Guatemala), for campaigning for human rights, especially for indigenous peoples.

1993

Nelson Mandela (RSA) and [Frederik Willem De Klerk]? (RSA).

1994

Yasser Arafat (Palestine), [Shimon Peres]? (Israel) and [Yitzhak Rabin]? (Israel).

1995

[Joseph Rotblat]? (Poland/UK) and the Pugwash? Conferences on Science and World Affairs, for their efforts in the fight against nuclear arms.

1996

[Carlos Felipe Ximenes Belo]? (East Timor) and [Jose Ramos-Horta]? (East Timor) for their work towards a just and peaceful solution to the conflict in East Timor.

1997

[International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL)]? and [Jody Williams]? (USA) for their work for the banning and clearing of anti-personnel mines.

1998

[John Hume]? (UK) and [David Trimble]? (UK) for their efforts to find a peaceful solution to the conflict in Northern Ireland.

1999

Doctors Without Borders, Brussels.

2000

[Kim Dae Jung]? (South Korea) for his work for democracy and human rights, and in particular for peace and reconciliation with North Korea.

2001

The United Nations and their secretary-general Kofi Annan (Ghana)