History of Persia

• Cyrus the Great, ruled from around 550-530 B.C.
• Cambysses?, ruled 530-521 B.C.
• [Darius I of Persia]?, ruled 521-486 B.C.
• [Xerxes I of Persia]?, ruled 486-465 B.C.
• [Artaxerxes I of Persia]?, ruled 464-425 B.C.
• [Darius II of Persia]?, ruled 423-404 B.C.
• [Artaxerxes II of Persia]?, ruled 404-358 B.C. (cf Xenophon)
• [Artaxerxes III of Persia]?, ruled 358-338 B.C.
• [Darius III of Persia]?, ruled 336-330 B.C.

Alexander and the Seleucids

• Alexander the Great
• [Seleucus Nicator]?
• [Antiochus I]?
• ...

Parthian dynasty

Sassanid dynasty

History of Levant