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:your second paragraph tends to agree with me. In answer to your first paragraph, I would say, "specialist in [Native American Lanugages]?" and "specialist in [African languages]? or some such, and original nationality is irrelevant. |
Related to your question, though, a linguist is rarely going to study just the language that is native to him/her. Linguists study language itself, and use knowledge from studying particular languages as a way to understand the underlying principles in all languages.