Data code: UK
Government type: [Constitutional Monarchy]?
Capital: London
Administrative divisions: 47 counties, 7 metropolitan counties, 26 districts, 9 regions, and 3 islands areas;
England - 39 counties, 7 metropolitan counties*;
Avon?, Bedford?, Berkshire?, Buckinghamshire?, Cambridge, Cheshire, Cleveland?, Cornwall, Cumbria?, Derby?, Devon, Dorset?, Durham?, [East Sussex]?, Essex, Gloucester?, Greater London*, [Greater Manchester]?*, Hampshire, [Hereford and Worcester]?, Hertfordshire, Humberside?, Isle of Wight, Kent, Lancashire?, Leicester?, Lincoln, Merseyside?*, Norfolk?, Northampton?, Northumberland?, [North Yorkshire]?, Nottingham?, Oxford, Shropshire?, Somerset?, [South Yorkshire]?*, Stafford?, Suffolk, Surrey?, [Tyne and Wear]?*, Warwick?, [West Midlands]?*, [West Sussex]?, [West Yorkshire]?*, Wiltshire?;
Northern Ireland - 26 districts;
Antrim?, Ards?, Armagh?, Ballymena?, Ballymoney?, Banbridge?, Belfast?, Carrickfergus?, Castlereagh?, Coleraine?, Cookstown?, Craigavon?, Down, Dungannon?, Fermanagh, Larne?, Limavady?, Lisburn?, Londonderry?, Magherafelt?, Moyle?, [Newry and Mourne]?, Newtownabbey?, [North Down]?, Omagh?, Strabane?;
Scotland - 9 regions, 3 islands areas*;
Borders?, Central?, [Dumfries and Galloway]?, Fife?, Grampian?, Highland?, Lothian?, Orkney*, Shetland?*, Strathclyde?, Tayside?, Western Isles*;
Wales - 8 counties; Clwyd?, Dyfed?, Gwent?, Gwynedd?, [Mid Glamorgan]?, Powys?, [South Glamorgan]?, [West Glamorgan]?
note:
England may now have 35 counties and Wales 9 counties
Dependent areas: Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, Guernsey, Jersey, Isle of Man, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands
Independence: England has existed as a unified entity since the 10th century; the union between England and Wales was enacted under the Statute of Rhuddlan in 1284; in the Act of Union of 1707, England and Scotland agreed to permanent union as Great Britain; the legislative union of Great Britain and Ireland was implemented in 1801, with the adoption of the name the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; the Anglo-Irish treaty of 1921 formalized a partition of Ireland; six northern Irish counties remained part of the United Kingdom as Northern Ireland and the current name of the country, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, was adopted in 1927
National holiday: Celebration of the Birthday of the Queen (second Saturday in June)
Constitution: unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice
Legal system: common law tradition with early Roman and modern continental influences; limited judicial review of Acts of Parliament (until recently none, but Human Rights Act 1998, [Scotland Act 1998]?, [Northern Ireland Act 1998]? and [Government of Wales Act 1998]? introduce some limited judicial review); accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations; British courts and legislation are increasingly subject to review by European Union courts
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
head of state:
Queen [ELIZABETH II]? (since 6 February 1952); Heir Apparent Prince CHARLES (son of the queen, born 14 November 1948)
head of government:
Prime Minister Anthony C. L. (Tony) BLAIR (since 2 May 1997)
cabinet:
Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the prime minister
elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; the prime minister is the leader of the majority party in the House of Commons (assuming there is no majority party, a prime minister would have a majority coalition or at least a coalition that was not rejected by the majority)
Legislative branch:
bicameral Parliament consists of House of Lords (currently in process of reform; the most likely plan calls for 500 members, one-fifth elected and the rest appointed) and House of Commons (659 seats, redesignated after each census to ensure equal representation of each member; members are elected by popular vote, using the First past the post system, to serve five-year terms unless the House is dissolved earlier)
elections:
House of Lords - no elections; note - reform of the House of Lords may introduce some elected seats; House of Commons - last held 7 June 2001 (next to be held within 5 years of this date, at the discretion of the Prime Minister); note - in 1998 elections were held for a [Northern Ireland Parliament]? (because of unresolved disputes among existing parties, the transfer of power from London to Northern Ireland came only at the end of 1999 and was rescinded in February 2000); in 1999 there were elections for a new [Scottish Parliament]? and a new [Welsh Assembly]?
election results:
House of Commons - percent of vote by party (2001 elections) - Labour 40.7%, Conservative and Unionist 31.7%, [Liberal Democratic]? 18.3%, other 9.3%; seats by party (2001 vs. 1997) - Labour 413 (-6), Conservative and Unionist 166 (+1), Liberal Democrat 52 (+6), other 28 (-1)
note:
in 1999, the government ended the right of most hereditary members, except for life members and 92 hereditary members, to sit in the House of Lords; they will sit until final reforms are made
Judicial branch: House of Lords, several Lords of Appeal in Ordinary are appointed by the monarch for life
Political parties and leaders: Alliance Party (Northern Ireland) [Seamus CLOSE]; Conservative and Unionist Party [Iain DUNCAN-SMITH]; Democratic Unionist Party (Northern Ireland) [Rev. Ian PAISLEY]; Labour Party [Anthony (Tony) Blair]; Liberal Democrats [Charles KENNEDY]; Scottish National Party [Alex SALMOND]; Sinn Fein (Northern Ireland) [Gerry ADAMS]; Social Democratic and Labor Party or SDLP (Northern Ireland) [John HUME]; Ulster Unionist Party (Northern Ireland) [David TRIMBLE]; Welsh National Party (Plaid Cymru) [Ieuan Wyn JONES]
Political pressure groups and leaders: Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament; Confederation of British Industry; National Farmers' Union; Trades Union Congress
International organization participation: AfDB?, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, C, CCC, CDB (non-regional), CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECA (associate), ECE, ECLAC, EIB, ESA, ESCAP, EU, FAO, G- 5, G- 7, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, MONUC, NAM (guest), NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SPC, UN, UN Security Council, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNOMIG, UNRWA, UNTAET, UNU, UPU, WCL, WEU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO, ZC
Diplomatic representation in the US:
chief of mission:
Ambassador Sir Christopher J. R. MEYER
chancery:
3100 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone:
[1] (202) 588-6500
FAX:
[1] (202) 588-7870
consulate(s) general:
Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Cleveland, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco
consulate(s):
Dallas, Miami, and Seattle
Diplomatic representation from the US:
chief of mission:
Ambassador Philip LADER
embassy:
24/31 Grosvenor Square, London, W. 1A1AE
mailing address:
PSC 801, Box 40, FPO AE 09498-4040
telephone:
[44] (171) 499-9000
FAX:
[44] (171) 409-1637
consulate(s) general:
Belfast, Edinburgh
Flag description: blue with the red cross of Saint George (patron saint of England) edged in white superimposed on the diagonal red cross of Saint Patrick (patron saint of Ireland) and which is superimposed on the diagonal white cross of Saint Andrew (patron saint of Scotland); known as the Union Flag or Union Jack; the design and colors (especially the Blue Ensign) have been the basis for a number of other flags including other Commonwealth countries and their constituent states or provinces, as well as British overseas territories
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