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In the Americas, the first Spaniards to settle brought some of their regionalisms with them. Today you can find distinct accents in different nations of Spanish speaking America. Typical of the Americas is the pronunciation of <ll> as /j/ instead of /l_j/. In Spain, too, <ll> is now pronounced as /j/ rather than /l_j/. This phenomenon is called yeismo. In Argentina, /j/ is generally pronounced as /Z/ as in French 'jour'. This phenomenon is called z<caron>eismo. Also typical of Latin America is seseo. The European Castilian phoneme /T/ (as in ciento, caza) does not exist in American Castilian, it fell together with /s/ (as in ser, casa). |
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In the Americas, the first Spaniards to settle brought some of their regionalisms with them. Today you can find distinct accents in different nations of Spanish speaking America. Typical of Latin America is seseo. The European Castilian phoneme /θ/ (as in ciento, caza) does not exist in American Castilian, it fell together with /s/ (as in ser, casa). Traditional Spanish has a phoneme /λ/. It was lost in most of the Americas, but now it is also being lost in Spain. Now this phoneme is merged with /j/. This phenomenon is called yeismo. In Argentina, /j/ and /λ/ are generally pronounced as /ž/ as in French 'jour'. This phenomenon is called žeismo. |
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/g/ has two allophones: [g] and [G]. [g] appears only at the beginnings of words (word-initially). Spelled "g" (gato), "gu" (guerra). |
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/g/ has two allophones: [g] and [γ]. [g] appears only at the beginnings of words (word-initially). Spelled "g" (gato), "gu" (guerra). |
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/T/ In Latin America the /s/ phoneme takes its place. Spelled "z" (zorro) or "c" (cielo). |
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/θ/ In Latin America the /s/ phoneme takes its place. Spelled "z" (zorro) or "c" (cielo). |
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/tS/ is pronounced as a plosive in European Spanish, something like [t_j]. In South American Spanish, on the other hand, there are mainly [tS] or [S] pronunciations - like French /S/ that has also developed from /tS/. Spelled "ch". |
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/t∫/ is pronounced as a plosive in European Spanish, something like [t_j]. In South American Spanish, on the other hand, there are mainly [t∫] or [∫] pronunciations - like French /∫/ that has also developed from /t∫/. Spelled "ch". |
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/n/ with several allophones. /N/ before /k, g, x, w/ (un queso, un gato, un jarro, un huevo). Another ([M]?) before /f/ (un faro). [m] is used allophonically before /m, p, b/ (un mono, un perro, un burro). Spelled "n" (nadie, tengo) or "m" (empezar). |
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/n/ with several allophones. /ŋ/ before /k, g, x, w/ (un queso, un gato, un jarro, un huevo). Another ([M]?) before /f/ (un faro). [m] is used allophonically before /m, p, b/ (un mono, un perro, un burro). Spelled "n" (nadie, tengo) or "m" (empezar). |
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/l_j/ Spelled "ll". This phoneme is almost extinct and /j/ has taken its place; In some Latin American places /l_j/ survives. This is true in some places of Peru, Bolivia. Also very isolated places of Chile. |
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/λ/ Spelled "ll". This phoneme is almost extinct and /j/ has taken its place; In some Latin American places /λ/ survives. This is true in some places of Peru, Bolivia. Also very isolated places of Chile. |
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/j/ In Argentina, Uruguay and Chile it has a [Z] or [DZ] sound. Spelled "y"; in many places also "ll". See /l_j/ above. |
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/j/ In Argentina, Uruguay and Chile it has a [ž] or [dž] sound. Spelled "y"; in many places also "ll". See /λ/ above. |
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