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There are hundreds of models of [IBM compatible]? computers. The models of IBM's first-generation Personal Computer (PC) series have names: IBM PC, [IBM PC XT]?, [IBM PC AT]?, [IBM Convertible]? and [IBM Portable]?. The models of its second generation, the [Personal System/2]? (PS/2), are known by model number: Model 25, Model 30. Within each series, the models are also commonly referenced by their [CPU clock rate]?. |
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There are hundreds of models of [IBM compatible]? computers. The models of IBM's first-generation Personal Computer (PC) series have names: IBM PC, [IBM PC XT]?, [IBM PC AT]?, [IBM Convertible]? and [IBM Portable]?. The models of its second generation, the [Personal System/2]? (PS/2?), are known by model number: [Model 25]?, [Model 30]?. Within each series, the models are also commonly referenced by their [CPU clock rate]?. |
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Intel 8086 and Intel 8088-based PCs require EMS? (expanded memory) boards to work with more than one megabyte of memory. The original IBM PC AT used an Intel 80286 processor which can access up to 16 megabytes of memory (though standard MS-DOS applications cannot use more than one megabyte without EMS). Intel 80286-based computers running under OS/2? can work with the maximum memory. |
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Intel 8086 and 8088-based PCs require EMS? (expanded memory) boards to work with more than one megabyte of memory. The original IBM PC AT used an Intel 80286 processor which can access up to 16 megabytes of memory (though standard MS-DOS applications cannot use more than one megabyte without EMS). Intel 80286-based computers running under OS/2 can work with the maximum memory. |
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The 1981 PC had 360K floppy disks. In 1984, IBM introduced the 1.2 megabyte floppy disk along with its AT model. Although often used as backup storage, the high density floppy is not often used for interchangeability. In 1986, IBM introduced the 720K 3.5" microfloppy disk on its Convertible laptop computer. It introduced the 1.44 megabyte double density version with the PS/2 line. These disk drives can be added to existing PCs. |
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The 1981 PC had 360K floppy disks. In 1984, IBM introduced the 1.2 megabyte floppy disk along with its AT model. Although often used as backup storage, the high density floppy was not often used for interchangeability. In 1986, IBM introduced the 720K 3.5" microfloppy disk on its Convertible laptop computer. It introduced the 1.44 megabyte [double density]? version with the PS/2 line. These disk drives could be added to existing older model PCs. |
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Fixed, non-removable, hard disks for IBM compatibles are available with storage capacities from 20 to over 600 megabytes. If a hard disk is added that is not compatible with the existing disk controller, a new controller board must be plugged in. However, one disk's internal standard does not conflict with another, since all programs and data must be copied onto it to begin with. Removable hard disks that hold at least 20 megabytes are also available. |
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Fixed, non-removable, hard disks for IBM compatibles are available with very large storage capacities. If a hard disk is added that is not compatible with the existing [disk controller]?, a new controller board must be plugged in. However, one disk's internal standard does not conflict with another, since all programs and data must be copied onto it to begin with. |
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When a new peripheral device, such as a monitor or scanner, is added to an IBM compatible, a corresponding, new controller board must be plugged into an expansion slot (in the bus) in order to electronically control its operation. The PC and XT had eight-bit busses; the AT had a 16-bit bus. 16-bit boards will not fit into 8-bit slots, but 8-bit boards will fit into 16-bit slots. Intel 80286 and Intel 80386 computers provide both 8-bit and 16-bit slots, while the 386s also have proprietary 32-bit memory slots. The bus in high-end models of the PS/2 line is called "Micro Channel". EISA is a non-IBM rival to Micro Channel. The original IBM PC came with BASIC in ROM. Later, Basic and BasicA? were distributed on floppy but ran and referenced routines in ROM. |
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The original IBM PC came with BASIC in ROM. Later, Basic and BasicA? were distributed on floppy but ran and referenced routines in ROM. |
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XT/370 Oct 1983 8088 IBM 370 mainframe emulation 3270 PC Oct 1983 8088 with 3270 terminal emulation |
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XT/370 Oct 1983 8088 [IBM 370]? mainframe emulation 3270 PC Oct 1983 8088 with [3270 terminal]? emulation |
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*Under DOS, RAM is expanded beyond 1M with EMS memory boards **Under DOS, RAM is expanded beyond 1M with normal "extended" memory and a memory management program. |
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* Under DOS, RAM is expanded beyond 1M with EMS memory boards ** Under DOS, RAM is expanded beyond 1M with normal "extended" memory and a memory management program. Article based on [IBM PC] at [FOLDOC]. |
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