Generally a steganographic work will appear to be something else, like a shopping list, an article, picture or any form of electronic media. It differs from regular cryptography as often encoded works are sent to someone in a form that is obviously encoded with the strength of the encryption providing the protection.
A very old type of steganology is the secret method of communication used by the Roman empire. They would send strips of paper that would make no sense unless they were bound around a rod of a specific diameter that was carried by Roman commanders. These messages were created by the steganographer writing on the paper strips wound around such standard rods.
[Digital watermarking]? generally uses this type of approach so people either don't know that a watermark exists or cannot work out how to remove it.
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