Pleistocene

The Pleistocene epoch is a geologic period that extends from about 10,000 years to 1.5 million years before the present. As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the start and end are well identified, but the exact dates of the start and end of the period are slightly uncertain. The Pleistocene was originally intended to cover the recent period of repeated glaciations, however, the start was set too late, and some early cooling and glaciation are now set in the Pliocene. The Pleistocene follows the Pliocene epoch and is followed by the Holocene epoch. The Pleistocene is the first of the two epochs of the Quaternary Era.

The Pleistocene start is set at what was thought at the time to be the start of the recent glaciations. The end was set at the end of the last glacial retreat.

There are no Faunal stages defined for the Pleistocene or Holocene.

Continents were at essentially their modern positions during the Pleistocene.

Both marine and continental faunas were essentially modern. Humans evolved into modern man during the Pleistocene.