Khazaria was the country of the
Khazars, neighboring the
Byzantine Empire in the southwest, [Kievan Rus]
? in the northwest, and
Azerbaijan in the southeast. As an independent state, Khazaria existed between about
652 and
1016. Its first khagan (supreme ruler) was named Irbis
?. Its last khagan was named [George Tzul]
?. Much of Khazaria was covered by steppe
? land. Khazaria bordered the
Caspian Sea and
Black Sea. The [Volga river]
? passed through eastern Khazaria.
Major cities of Khazaria included Atil?, Sarkel, Balanjar?, Samandar?, Kiev?, Kerch?, Samkarsh?, and Mangup?.
External links:
Bibliography of Khazar Studies, 1901-Present
http://www.khazaria.com/khazar-biblio/toc.html
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