[Howard Phillips]? (Conservative?, 41), |
[Howard Phillips]? (Constitution, 41), |
The year 2000 election for the President of the United States was one of the closest and most controversial Presidential elections in the history of the United States. The election was marked by the extraordinarily close vote in Florida, whose [electoral votes]? determined the election. The counting and recounting of Florida presidential ballots extended for months following the election. In the end, a split decision by the U.S. Supreme Court ended the election, and Texas Governor George W. Bush was elected president, and [Vice President]? Albert Arnold Gore came in second.
The Republican Party primary came down to a race between Bush and Arizona Senator [John McCain]?. McCain's campaign, centered on [Campaign finance reform]?, drew the most press coverage and the greatest popular excitement. Many Republicans complained that Democrats and other non-Republicans enrolled in the party for the express purpose of voting for McCain, thus skewing the results. Bush's campaign focused on compassionate conservatism, including a greater role for the federal government in funding education and large reductions in the income and capital gains tax rates.
McCain won 48% of the vote to Bush's 30% in the New Hampshire primary, the first primary held, giving his campaign a great boost of energy, volunteers, and donations.
Other candidates included: political activist [Gary Bauer]?, businessman [Steve Forbes]?, Utah Senator [Orrin Hatch]?, minister [Alan Keyes]?, former Tennessee Governor [Lamar Alexander]?, former Red Cross director [Elizabeth Dole]?, Ohio Congressman [John Kasich]?, and former Vice President Dan Quayle.
Bauer and Hatch campaigned on a traditional Republican platform of opposition to legalized abortion and reductions in [U.S. taxes]?. Keyes had a far more conservative platform, calling for the elimination of all federal taxes except tariffs. Steve Forbes campaigned on making the federal income tax non-graduated, an idea he called the [flat tax]?.
There were two main candidates for the Democrat nomination: Former New Jersey Senator [Bill Bradley]? and Al Gore.
There were five other candidates on the majority of the 51 ballots (50 states plus the District of Columbia): [Harry Browne]? (Libertarian, 50), [Pat Buchanan]? (Reform, 49), Ralph Nader (Green, 44), [Howard Phillips]? (Constitution, 41), and John Hagelin (Natural Law, 38).
Nader's candidacy was the most successful, drawing 2.74% of the popular vote. His campaign was marked by a travelling tour of "super-rallies"; large rallies held in sports arenas like [Madison Square Garden]?, MC-ed by film-maker [Michael Moore]?. After initially ignoring Nader, the Gore campaign made a big publicity pitch to (potential) Nader supporters in the final weeks of the campaign, on the grounds that Gore's ideas were more similar to Nader's ideas than Bush's were, but Gore had a better chance of winning than Nader. In the aftermath of the campaign, many Gore supporters blamed Nader for drawing enough would-be Gore votes to push Bush over Gore.
Buchanan's primary battle was especially vicious. In 1992 and 1996, the Reform party had nominated [Ross Perot]? for president, and Buchanan had run for (and lost) the nomination of the Republican Party. Some Reform Party supporters therefore felt that Buchanan was highjacking their party, and tried to nominate Hagelin. The convention ended with the Hagelin supporters walking out and conducting their own parallel convention. Which group was the true Reform Party (and thus entitled to public financing due to their strong showing in the previous election) was decided by lawsuit.
Adapted from http://fecweb1.fec.gov/pubrec/2000presgeresults.htm, a government document.
STATE | Brown | Browne | Buchanan | Bush | Dodge | Gore | Hagelin | Harris |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Totals | 1,606 0.00% |
384,429 0.36% |
448,892 0.42% |
50,455,156 47.87% |
208 0.00% |
50,992,335 48.38% |
83,555 0.08% |
7,378 0.01% |
AL | 5,893 | 6,351 | 941,173 | 692,611 | 447 | |||
AK | 2,636 | 5,192 | 167,398 | 79,004 | 919 | |||
AZ | 12,373 | 781,652 | 685,341 | 1,120 | ||||
AR | 2,781 | 7,358 | 472,940 | 422,768 | 1,098 | |||
CA | 45,520 | 44,987 | 4,567,429 | 5,861,203 | 10,934 | |||
CO | 12,799 | 10,465 | 883,748 | 208 | 738,227 | 2,240 | 216 | |
CT | 3,484 | 4,731 | 561,094 | 816,015 | *40 | *4 | ||
DE | 774 | 777 | 137,288 | 180,068 | 107 | |||
DC | 669 | 18,073 | 171,923 | 114 | ||||
FL | 16,415 | 17,484 | 2,912,790 | 2,912,253 | 2,281 | 562 | ||
GA | 36,332 | 10,926 | 1,419,720 | 1,116,230 | *11 | |||
HI | 1,477 | 1,071 | 137,845 | 205,286 | 306 | |||
ID | 3,488 | 7,615 | 336,937 | 138,637 | 1,177 | |||
IL | 11,623 | 16,106 | 2,019,421 | 2,589,026 | 2,127 | |||
IN | 15,530 | 16,959 | 1,245,836 | 901,980 | *167 | |||
IA | 3,209 | 5,731 | 634,373 | 638,517 | 2,281 | 190 | ||
KS | 4,525 | 7,370 | 622,332 | 399,276 | 1,375 | |||
KY | 2,896 | 4,173 | 872,492 | 638,898 | 1,533 | |||
LA | 2,951 | 14,356 | 927,871 | 792,344 | 1,075 | 1,103 | ||
ME | 3,074 | 4,443 | 286,616 | 319,951 | ||||
MD | 5,310 | 4,248 | 813,797 | 1,140,782 | *176 | |||
MA | 16,366 | 11,149 | 878,502 | 1,616,487 | 2,884 | |||
MI | 16,711 | *1,851 | 1,953,139 | 2,170,418 | 2,426 | |||
MN | 5,282 | 22,166 | 1,109,659 | 1,168,266 | 2,294 | 1,022 | ||
MS | 2,009 | 2,265 | 572,844 | 404,614 | 450 | 613 | ||
MO | 7,436 | 9,818 | 1,189,924 | 1,111,138 | 1,104 | |||
MT | 1,718 | 5,697 | 240,178 | 137,126 | 675 | |||
NE | 2,245 | 3,646 | 433,862 | 231,780 | 478 | |||
NV | 3,311 | 4,747 | 301,575 | 279,978 | 415 | |||
NH | 2,757 | 2,615 | 273,559 | 266,348 | *55 | |||
NJ | 6,312 | 6,989 | 1,284,173 | 1,788,850 | 2,215 | 844 | ||
NM | 2,058 | 1,392 | 286,417 | 286,783 | 361 | |||
NY | 7,649 | 31,599 | 2,403,374 | 4,107,697 | 24,361 | 1,789 | ||
NC | 12,307 | 8,874 | 1,631,163 | 1,257,692 | ||||
ND | 660 | 7,288 | 174,852 | 95,284 | 313 | |||
OH | 13,473 | 26,721 | 2,350,363 | 2,183,628 | 6,181 | *10 | ||
OK | 6,602 | 9,014 | 744,337 | 474,276 | ||||
OR | 7,447 | 7,063 | 713,577 | 720,342 | 2,574 | |||
PA | 11,248 | 16,023 | 2,281,127 | 2,485,967 | ||||
RI | 742 | 2,273 | 130,555 | 249,508 | 271 | 34 | ||
SC | 4,876 | 3,519 | 785,937 | 565,561 | 942 | |||
SD | 1,662 | 3,322 | 190,700 | 118,804 | ||||
TN | 1,606 | 4,284 | 4,250 | 1,061,949 | 981,720 | 613 | ||
TX | 23,160 | 12,394 | 3,799,639 | 2,433,746 | ||||
UT | 3,616 | 9,319 | 515,096 | 203,053 | 763 | 186 | ||
VT | 784 | 2,192 | 119,775 | 149,022 | 219 | 70 | ||
VA | 15,198 | 5,455 | 1,437,490 | 1,217,290 | ||||
WA | 13,135 | 7,171 | 1,108,864 | 1,247,652 | 2,927 | 304 | ||
WV | 1,912 | 3,169 | 336,475 | 295,497 | 367 | |||
WI | 6,640 | 11,471 | 1,237,279 | 1,242,987 | 853 | 306 | ||
WY | 1,443 | 2,724 | 147,947 | 60,481 | 411 |
CHART 2 OF 3
STATE |
Lane | McReynolds | Moorehead | Nader | Phillips | Smith | Venson | Youngkeit |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Totals | 1,044 0.00% |
5,602 0.00% |
4,795 0.00% |
2,882,897 2.74% |
98,020 0.09% |
5,775 0.00% |
535 0.00% |
161 0.00% |
AL | 18,323 | 775 | ||||||
AK | 28,747 | 596 | ||||||
AZ | 45,645 | *110 | 5,775 | |||||
AR | 13,421 | 1,415 | ||||||
CA | *28 | 418,707 | 17,042 | |||||
CO | 712 | 91,434 | 1,319 | |||||
CT | 64,452 | 9,695 | ||||||
DE | 8,307 | 208 | ||||||
DC | 10,576 | |||||||
FL | 622 | 1,804 | 97,488 | 1,371 | ||||
GA | *13,432 | *140 | ||||||
HI | 21,623 | 343 | ||||||
ID | *12,292 | 1,469 | ||||||
IL | *4 | 103,759 | *57 | |||||
IN | *43 | *18,531 | *200 | |||||
IA | 107 | 29,374 | 613 | |||||
KS | 36,086 | 1,254 | ||||||
KY | 23,192 | 923 | ||||||
LA | 20,473 | 5,483 | ||||||
ME | 37,127 | 579 | ||||||
MD | 53,768 | 919 | ||||||
MA | *42 | 173,564 | ||||||
MI | 84,165 | 3,791 | ||||||
MN | 126,696 | 3,272 | ||||||
MS | 8,122 | 3,267 | ||||||
MO | 38,515 | 1,957 | ||||||
MT | 24,437 | 1,155 | ||||||
NE | 24,540 | 468 | ||||||
NV | 15,008 | 621 | ||||||
NH | 22,198 | 328 | ||||||
NJ | 1,880 | 94,554 | 1,409 | |||||
NM | 21,251 | 343 | ||||||
NY | *2 | 244,030 | 1,498 | |||||
NC | *1,226 | |||||||
ND | 9,486 | 373 | ||||||
OH | 117,799 | 3,823 | ||||||
OK | ||||||||
OR | 77,357 | 2,189 | ||||||
PA | 103,392 | 14,428 | ||||||
RI | 52 | 199 | 25,052 | 97 | ||||
SC | 20,200 | 1,682 | ||||||
SD | 1,781 | |||||||
TN | 19,781 | 1,015 | 535 | |||||
TX | *63 | 137,994 | *567 | |||||
UT | 35,850 | 2,709 | 161 | |||||
VT | 1,044 | 161 | 20,374 | 153 | ||||
VA | 59,398 | 1,809 | ||||||
WA | 660 | 1,729 | 103,002 | 1,989 | ||||
WV | 10,680 | *23 | ||||||
WI | 1,063 | 94,070 | 2,042 | |||||
WY | *4,625 | 720 |
CHART 3 OF 3
STATE |
Write-in (Miscellaneous) | None of these candidates | Total votes case | Electoral vote, Bush | Electoral vote, Gore | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Totals | 20,938 0.02% |
3,315 0.00% |
105,396,641 | 271 | 266 | |
AL | 699 | 1,666,272 | 9 | |||
AK | 1,068 | 285,560 | 3 | |||
AZ | 1,532,016 | 8 | ||||
AR | 921,781 | 6 | ||||
CA | 6 | 10,965,856 | 54 | |||
CO | 1,741,368 | 8 | ||||
CT | 10 | 1,459,525 | 8 | |||
DE | 93 | 327,622 | 3 | |||
DC | 539 | 201,894 | 2## | |||
FL | 40 | 5,963,110 | 25 | |||
GA | 13 | 2,596,804 | 13 | |||
HI | # | 367,951 | 4 | |||
ID | 6 | 501,621 | 4 | |||
IL | 4,742,123 | 22 | ||||
IN | 56 | 2,199,302 | 12 | |||
IA | 1,168 | 1,315,563 | 7 | |||
KS | 1,072,218 | 6 | ||||
KY | 80 | 1,544,187 | 8 | |||
LA | # | 1,765,656 | 9 | |||
ME | 27 | 651,817 | 4 | |||
MD | 1,480 | 2,020,480 | 10 | |||
MA | 3,990 | 2,702,984 | 12 | |||
MI | 4,232,501 | 18 | ||||
MN | 28 | 2,438,685 | 10 | |||
MS | 994,184 | 7 | ||||
MO | 2,359,892 | 11 | ||||
MT | 11 | 410,997 | 3 | |||
NE | # | 697,019 | 5 | |||
NV | # | 3,315 | 608,970 | 4 | ||
NH | 1,221 | 569,081 | 4 | |||
NJ | 3,187,226 | 15 | ||||
NM | # | 598,605 | 5 | |||
NY | ** | 6,821,999 | 33 | |||
NC | 2,911,262 | 14 | ||||
ND | 288,256 | 3 | ||||
OH | 4,701,998 | 21 | ||||
OK | # | 1,234,229 | 8 | |||
OR | 3,419 | 1,533,968 | 7 | |||
PA | 934 | 4,913,119 | 23 | |||
RI | 329 | 409,112 | 4 | |||
SC | # | 1,382,717 | 8 | |||
SD | # | 316,269 | 3 | |||
TN | 428 | 2,076,181 | 11 | |||
TX | 74 | 6,407,637 | 32 | |||
UT | 1 | 770,754 | 5 | |||
VT | 514 | 294,308 | 3 | |||
VA | 2,807 | 2,739,447 | 13 | |||
WA | 2,487,433 | 11 | ||||
WV | 1 | 648,124 | 5 | |||
WI | 1,896 | 2,598,607 | 11 | |||
WY | 218,351 | 3 |
*Write-in Votes.
** 138,216 Miscellaneous write-in, blank and void votes were compiled as one total. This figure is not included in Total Votes Cast.
#Write-in votes for Presidential candidates not permitted.
##The District of Columbia has 3 electoral votes. There was 1 abstention.
Total Electoral Vote = 538
Total Electoral Vote Needed to Elect = 270
Resources: