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- The southernmost point on the Earth, as determined by the Earth's rotation. This is known as the Geographic South Pole, and has a known fixed position. The first humans to reach the Geographic South Pole were Roald Amundsen and his party on December 14 1911.
- The South Magnetic Pole, being the magnetic pole of the Earth's [magnetic field]?. It lies near the Geographic South Pole, but its exact location is continually shifting. Though it is named for its proximity to the geographic pole, is in fact a north magnetic pole. (Either that, or every magnet is mislabelled. Magnetic opposites attract, and your magnet "S" points south!)
See also
North Pole for a description of how the poles of other
planets are determined.