Location:
Central
South America, northeast of
Argentina
Geographic coordinates:
23 00 S, 58 00 W
Map references:
South America
Area:
total:
406,750 sq km
land:
397,300 sq km
water:
9,450 sq km
Area - comparative:
slightly smaller than California
Land boundaries:
total:
3,920 km
border countries:
Argentina 1,880 km, Bolivia 750 km, Brazil 1,290 km
Coastline:
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
none (landlocked)
Climate:
subtropical? to temperate?; substantial rainfall in the eastern portions, becoming semiarid in the far west
Terrain:
grassy plains and wooded hills east of [Rio Paraguay]?; [Gran Chaco]? region west of [Rio Paraguay]? mostly low, marshy plain near the river, and dry forest and thorny scrub elsewhere
Elevation extremes:
lowest point:
junction of [[Rio Paraguay]? and [Rio Parana]? 46 m
highest point:
[Cerro San Rafael]? 850 m
Natural resources:
hydropower, timber, iron ore, manganese, limestone
Land use:
arable land:
6%
permanent crops:
0%
permanent pastures:
55%
forests and woodland:
32%
other:
7% (1993 est.)
Irrigated land:
670 sq km (1993 est.)
Natural hazards:
local flooding in southeast (early September to June); poorly drained plains may become boggy (early October to June)
Environment - current issues:
deforestation (an estimated 2 million hectares of forest land were lost from 1958-85); water pollution; inadequate means for waste disposal present health risks for many urban residents
Environment - international agreements:
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, [Hazardous Wastes]?, Law of the Sea, [[Ozone Layer Protection[[, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified:
Nuclear Test Ban
Geography - note:
landlocked; lies between Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil
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