A large monetary award is included with the Nobel Prize, currently 10 million Swedish kronor, and is intended to allow the person to continue working/researching without the pressures of raising money for the research/work.
Nobel Prizes have been given yearly since 1901 for achievements in:
In 1968, the Bank of Sweden (Sveriges Riksbank) instituted the prize in economic sciences:
At that time, the decision was made not to add any more prizes in the future.
The Nobel Foundation has its own website: http://www.nobel.se/
See also Swedish Academy.
There is also a parody of the Nobel Prize, the IgNobel Prize, which is awarded annualy to honor achievements which "cannot or should not be reproduced."