GDP: purchasing power parity - $1.212 trillion (1999 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 1.3% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $21,400 (1999 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture:
2.6%
industry:
31.6%
services:
65.8% (1998)
Population below poverty line: NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%:
2.9%
highest 10%:
23.7% (1991)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 1.7% (1999 est.)
Labor force: 23.193 million
Labor force - by occupation: services 61%, industry 32%, agriculture 7% (1996)
Unemployment rate: 11.5% (1999 est.)
Budget:
revenues:
$530 billion
expenditures:
$522 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
Industries: tourism, machinery, iron and steel, chemicals, food processing, textiles, motor vehicles, clothing, footwear, ceramics
Industrial production growth rate: 1.9% (1998 est.)
Electricity - production: 243.027 billion kWh (1998)
Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel:
80.22%
hydro:
17.3%
nuclear:
0%
other:
2.48% (1998)
Electricity - consumption: 266.705 billion kWh (1998)
Electricity - exports: 900 million kWh (1998)
Electricity - imports: 41.59 billion kWh (1998)
Agriculture - products: fruits, vegetables, grapes, potatoes, sugar beets, soybeans, grain, olives; beef, dairy products; fish
Exports: $242.6 billion (f.o.b., 1998)
Exports - commodities: engineering products, textiles and clothing, production machinery, motor vehicles, transport equipment, chemicals; food, beverages and tobacco; minerals and nonferrous metals
Exports - partners: EU 56% (Germany 16.5%, France 12.7%, UK 7.2%, Spain 5.8%, Netherlands 2.9%), US 8.5% (1998)
Imports: $206.9 billion (f.o.b., 1998)
Imports - commodities: engineering products, chemicals, transport equipment, energy products, minerals and nonferrous metals, textiles and clothing; food, beverages and tobacco
Imports - partners: EU 61% (Germany 18.8%, France 13.12%, UK 6.47%, Netherlands 6.2%, Belgium-Luxembourg 4.7%), US 5.1% (1998)
Debt - external: $45 billion (1996 est.)
Economic aid - donor: ODA, $1.3 billion (1997)
Currency: 1 Italian lira (Lit) = 100 centesimi
Exchange rates:
euros per US$1 - 0.9867 (January 2000), 0.9386 (1999); Italian lire (Lit) per US$1 - 1,688.7 (January 1999), 1,736.2 (1998), 1,703.1 (1997), 1,542.9 (1996), 1,628.9 (1995)
note:
on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced a common currency that is now being used for non-cash transactions in some member countries at a fixed rate of 1,936.27 lire per euro; the euro will replace the local currency in consenting countries for all transactions in 2002
Fiscal year: calendar year