The siddur is the prayerbook used by Jews the world over, containing a set order of daily prayers. Some siddurim have only prayers for weekdays; others have prayers for weekdays and Shabbat (the Sabbath); many now have prayers for weekdays, Shabbat, and the three Biblical festivals, Sukkot, Shauvot? and Pesach?. Such a complete siddur is referred to as a Siddur Shalem.
There are many additional liturgical variations and additions to the siddur for the Yamom Nora'im (The Days of Awe; the High Holy Days, i.e. Rosh HaShanah? and Yom Kipur). As such, a special siddur has developed for just this period, known as a machzor.
Description of the siddurim of Orthodox, Conservative, Reform and Reconstructionist Judaism:
http://communities.msn.com/judaismfaqs&naventryid=292
Reccomended reading
"A Guide to Jewish Religious Practice" Isaac Klein, Ktav, 1992
"The Artscroll Siddur" Ed. Nosson Scherman, Mesorah Publications
"The Encyclopaedia Judaica", entry on "Shabbat", Keter Publishing House Ltd.
"To Pray as a Jew" Hayim Halevy Donin, Basic Books
"Siddur Sim Shalom for Shabbat and Festivals" Ed. Leonard S. Cahan, The Rabbinical Assembly and the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism
"Siddur Sim Shalom" Ed. Jules Harlow, The Rabbinical Assembly and the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism
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