An ancient
city on the coast of [Asia minor]
? that became an important kingdom during the
Hellenistic period, under the [Attalid dynasty]
?. Pergamon had the second best library in the ancient world, after
Alexandria. When the Ptolemies stopped exporting
papyrus, partly because of competitors and partly because of shortages, they invented a new substance to use in
codexes, called Pergamum or
parchment after the city. This was made of fine
calf skin, a predecessor of
vellum and
paper.
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