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Surrealism, often misinterpreted as an artistic movement, had its beginning in 1924, with the publication of [André Breton]?'s [First] Surrealist Manifesto. In the Manifesto Breton defines surrealism as "pure psychic automatism?" ("automatism" is spontaneous creative production without (conscious) moral or aesthetic self-censorship). (By Breton's admission, however, as well as by the subsequent development of the movement, this was a definition capable of considerable expansion.) At first this automatism was only conceived in the realm or writing and language, and it was not until later that automatic drawing was developed by [Andre Masson]?, and automatic drawing and painting, as well as other automatistic methods, such as decalcomania?, frottage, fumage? and grattage? became significant parts of surrealist practice. It was a movement which transformed post-World War I visual art, writing, poetry and film. (Examples of surrealist film are [Un Chien Andalou]? and [L'Age D'Or]? .) |
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Surrealism, often misinterpreted as an artistic movement, had its beginning in 1924, with the publication of [André Breton]?'s [First] Surrealist Manifesto. In the Manifesto Breton defines surrealism as "pure psychic automatism?" ("automatism" is spontaneous creative production without (conscious) moral or aesthetic self-censorship). (By Breton's admission, however, as well as by the subsequent development of the movement, this was a definition capable of considerable expansion.) At first this automatism was only conceived in the realm or writing and language, and it was not until later that automatic drawing was developed by [Andre Masson]?, and automatic drawing and painting, as well as other automatistic methods, such as decalcomania?, frottage, fumage?, grattage? and parsemage became significant parts of surrealist practice. It was a movement which transformed post-World War I visual art, writing, poetry and film. (Examples of surrealist film are [Un Chien Andalou]? and [L'Age D'Or]? .) |
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Although surrealism is related to the earlier Dada? movement, and many of its initial members came from Dada, it is significantly broader in scope than the Dada movement. While Dada was more nihilistic surrealism is more positive in nature. |
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Although surrealism is related to the earlier Dada movement, and many of its initial members came from Dada, it is significantly broader in scope than the Dada movement. While Dada was more nihilistic surrealism is more positive in nature. |
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"What is Surrealism?: Selected Writings of Andre Breton" (edited and with an Introduction by Franklin Rosemont). |
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