Octonions are an extension to the
complex numbers, similar to
quaternions. But whereas quaternions are quadruplets of
real numbers, octonions are octets; and whereas in quaternions multiplication is not
commutative, in octonions it isn't
associative either.
The octonions were discovered by [John T. Graves]? in 1843, and independently by [Arthur Cayley]?, who published the first paper on them in 1845. They are sometimes called Cayley numbers.
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