John Bardeen

Physicist and co-inventor of the transistor in 1948. Developed a fundamental theory for conventional superconductivity together with Cooper and Schrieffer; today known as the BCS theory.

Bardeen studied Physics as a grad student at Princeton, with Nobel Laureate Eugene Wigner.

In 1956, Bardeen received the Nobel Prize in physics for the transistor. Amazingly, he received it again in 1972 for the BCS theory. No other physicist has received it twice.

Bardeen was also an important advisor to the Xerox Corporation, urging Xerox executive to keep their California research center, Xerox PARC, afloat when the parent company was suspicious that its research center would amount to little. Xerox PARC went on to create the point-and-click method, the mouse, and the laser printer, among other things.